Characteristics of Second Generation of Computer

In this blog post, we will take a closer look at the history of second generation computers, the developers who brought them to life, and the characteristics and features that set them apart from their predecessors.

Second Generation of Computer-Characteristics and Features:

Characteristics of Second Generation of Computer

• History of Second Generation Computers:

The second generation of computers emerged in the 1950s. These machines were smaller, faster, and more powerful than their predecessors, and they were designed for a wider range of applications.

One of the key developments that made the second generation of computers possible was the invention of the transistor. Transistors replaced the bulky and unreliable vacuum tubes that were used in first-generation computers, which made it possible to build smaller and more powerful machines. Additionally, the development of magnetic core memory, which was faster and more reliable than the earlier drum memory, also made the second generation of computers possible.

• Developers of Second Generation Computers:

The second generation of computers was developed by a number of different companies and organizations, including IBM, UNIVAC, and Honeywell. IBM, in particular, played a major role in the development of second generation computers. The company's System/360, which was released in 1964, was one of the most popular and influential second generation computers. The System/360 was designed to be a versatile machine that could be used for a wide range of applications, and it was used in businesses, government agencies, and research institutions.

• Characteristics of Second Generation Computers:

The second generation of computers was characterized by a number of key features, including:

• Smaller size: Second generation computers were smaller and more compact than their first-generation counterparts. This made them more accessible and easier to use.

• Faster processing speeds: Second generation computers were faster than first generation computers, which made it possible to process more data in less time.

• Improved memory: Second generation computers had improved memory, which made it possible to store more data and run more complex programs.

• Increased reliability: Second generation computers were more reliable than first-generation computers, which meant that they were less likely to break down or malfunction.

• Increased versatility: Second generation computers were designed to be more versatile than first-generation computers, which meant that they could be used for a wider range of applications.

• Features of Second Generation Computers:

The second generation of computers was also equipped with a number of features that set them apart from their predecessors, including:

• High-level programming languages: Second generation computers were designed to be programmed using high-level programming languages, such as COBOL and FORTRAN. This made it possible to write more complex programs and perform more advanced calculations.

• Operating systems: Second generation computers were equipped with operating systems, which made it possible to manage the computer's resources and run multiple programs at the same time.

• Input/output devices: Second generation computers were equipped with a variety of input/output devices, such as printers and tape drives, which made it possible to store and retrieve data.

• Interconnectivity: Second generation computers were designed to be connected to other computers and devices, which made it possible to share data and collaborate on projects.